International Energy Agency

Sustainable cooling could save thousands of lives

A collaborative review by the Global Electricity Company (IEA) and Yale College has discovered that it is doable to deliver economical cooling to an at any time-increasing populace and also prevent escalating greenhouse fuel (GHG) emissions.

Keeping men and women awesome can conserve tens of thousands of lives each calendar year, the report says. Those people without obtain to indoor cooling are at significant threat of heat worry, as extra heat adversely impacts thermal comfort and ease, labour productiveness, and human health.

In accordance to the IEA/Yale College analyze, in the course of 2019–2021 an believed 190,000 lives were being saved for every year by greater use of air conditioning. Even so, AC that is not effective, inexpensive and resilient can build a cycle of further harm to the climate and wellness.

At this time, expanding needs on AC globally is putting stress on the power grid, exacerbating the adverse influence of room (indoor) cooling on GHG emissions, local air pollution and electricity outages and developing city warmth island outcomes, strength poverty, and physiological acclimatisation, the IEA/Yale College report says. Bigger temperatures brought about by weather change, coupled with rising incomes and growing populations, are driving swift expansion in household AC possession.

Alternatively, passive cooling techniques these types of as shading (e.g., verandas), cross-air flow (e.g., home windows or other openings on reverse partitions), and light-colored developing materials that reflect the rays of the sunlight, defend the local climate by conserving energy and keeping vitality expenditures lower.

But in several parts of the globe, energetic answers this sort of as lovers (minimal energy), and AC (better electricity), are the main approaches to indoor cooling. In accordance to the IEA/Yale College report, about 1.5 billion units have been put in throughout the world by the finish of 2021.

And world-wide family AC possession is expected to reach 45 per cent by 2030 – up from 35 for each cent in 2021. This is fantastic information for defending in opposition to heat-relevant illness and mortality, but uncontrolled advancement and use of AC could exacerbate related health and fitness and weather harm.

In accordance to the report, even so, entry to powerful cooling does not require to appear at the cost of the surroundings.

It details to a suite of technical and plan solutions that can provide productive, local weather pleasant, and health advertising cooling. The IEA’s Web Zero Emissions by 2050 Circumstance lays out a pathway in direction of web zero CO₂ emissions at the world-wide stage by 2050 though however delivering common energy entry and making certain cost-effective electricity source.

The situation sets a few area cooling-linked ambitions for 2030. To start with, 20 for each cent of full current constructing flooring space globally and all new creating design is designed zero-carbon-completely ready by 2030. 2nd, AC temperatures are set at 24–25°C. 3rd, the common efficiency rating of new AC equipment is improved by at the very least 50 for each cent in all markets by 2030.

This concentrate on is achievable by way of enforced bare minimum power functionality specifications (MEPS) and building strength codes, and through bigger global collaboration, claims the report. Implementing these measures would limit to 10 per cent the expansion of global electric power demand from customers for house cooling in the interval 2021–2030, when compared to 40 for every cent growth without these measures, it says.

Extra superior-precedence actions to minimize AC strength need incorporate a lot more passive methods these types of as inexperienced and blue spaces large-albedo (i.e., substantial skill to mirror the sun’s rays) streets and sidewalks and state-of-the-art developing style.

AC sustainability can also be improved via good set up, upkeep, and end-of-existence materials administration, specifically for GHG refrigerants, the report says.

The document discusses the sustainability issues linked with AC and the promise of option cooling answers that, if adopted widely, can deliver productive cooling while substantially reducing power demand for AC.

The entire IEA/ Yale University assessment can be located here.

Source website link

By nigemord@gmail.com / March 24, 2023

Dr Fatih Birol Featured heat pumps IEA International Energy Agency international news News report

Heat pump demand set to soar

According to the Worldwide Electrical power Company (IEA), world sales of warmth pumps are “set to soar to document levels” in coming yrs.

The IEA’s a short while ago introduced report, The Upcoming of Heat Pumps, attributes powerful development in the heat pump sector to slipping expenses and strong incentives. According to the report, global heat pump revenue rose by just about 15 per cent in 2021, double the common of the earlier decade, led by a 35 per cent increase in European Union revenue.

The IEA predicts 2022 sales will strike history concentrations in response to the world-wide strength disaster – significantly in Europe, in which some international locations are seeing gross sales double in the 1st half of 2022 in contrast with the same time period previous yr.

“Annual sales of warmth pumps in the EU could increase to 7 million by 2030 – up from 2 million in 2021 – if governments thrive in hitting their emissions reduction and electrical power security goals,” suggests the IEA. “Heating buildings accounts for one particular-3rd of EU fuel demand from customers right now.”

According to IEA Executive Director Medical doctor Fatih Birol, heat pumps are an indispensable component of any prepare to reduce emissions and organic gas use, and an urgent priority in the EU.

“The technological innovation is tried and tested, even in the coldest of climates,” states Dr Birol. “Policy makers should really be putting their body weight at the rear of this technology that is witnessing unprecedented momentum at the second. Heat pumps will be central to endeavours to assure all people can warmth their homes this winter and next, to protect susceptible households and organizations from higher rates, and to meet local weather objectives.”

The IEA says authorities coverage support is required to aid customers conquer the rather higher upfront expenditures of heat pumps, which can be two-to-four instances extra than a gas boiler. According to the report, fiscal incentives for heat pumps are obtainable in much more than 30 international locations, which with each other go over extra than 70 per cent of heating desire.

“Many of them also deliver added assist to lower-profits homes in which strength price savings from a heat pump can be considerable, ranging concerning 2–6 for each cent of residence cash flow,” claims the IEA.

The IEA estimates heat pumps have the prospective to lessen world wide carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions by at the very least 500 million tonnes in 2030 – equivalent to the once-a-year CO₂ emissions of all cars in Europe these days.

“Leading manufacturers are observing promising signs that today’s momentum and coverage assistance could set the business on a trajectory that triples profits by 2030 – and they have appropriately declared plans to commit a lot more than $4 billion (USD) in growing heat pump creation and linked endeavours, largely in Europe.”

The report highlights expected troubles, together with escalating electric power need triggered by heat pumps, however power effectiveness and improved grid preparing might cut down these impacts.

There is also a problem about who will set up the warmth pumps.

“Global warmth pump supply and set up could call for more than 1.3 million staff by 2030, almost triple the current amount, increasing the probable for competent labour shortages, specifically for installers,” suggests the IEA.

The report predicts that the added world upfront investment in heat pumps required to access announced local climate pledges will be around US$160 billion (AUD$235 million) every year by 2030.

“All the items are in area for the warmth pump sector to take off, reminiscent of the trajectory we have seen in other essential climate systems like solar PV and electric cars,” suggests Dr Birol. “Heat pumps deal with numerous of plan makers’ most urgent fears on energy affordability, offer stability and the local climate crisis. Plan measures are in location today, but they require to be bolstered urgently to make it possible for heat pumps fulfil their considerable economic and environmental likely.”

The report is offered at the IEA web-site.

Image by Ashkan Forouzani on Unsplash.

Source website link

By nigemord@gmail.com / December 14, 2022

Featured global warming HFCs hydrocarbons IIASA International Electrotechnical Commission International Energy Agency Kigali Amendment News Pallav Purohit PNAS propane R32 R410A Slider split-system air conditioners

Propane AC could help avoid global temperature rises

A report printed at the Proceedings of the Countrywide Academy of Sciences (PNAS) has highlighted the emissions that could be prevented by switching to propane as a refrigerant in break up-process air conditioners. The research team estimates that such a transition could avoid a .09°C raise in world-wide temperature by the close of the century.

World wide possibility

The report notes that split ACs are at this time the most applied equipment for space cooling throughout the world, and that in 2016, room cooling accounted for all-around 10 for every cent of world wide electrical energy need. Primarily based on recent trends, need from air conditioners is envisioned to triple by 2050 and the inventory of ACs would boost from about .9 billion in 2017 to above 3.7 billion in 2050.

Most of these units have HFCs, which are getting phased down globally.

“The stage-down of refrigerants with large world warming likely (GWP) prescribed by the Kigali Modification to the Montreal Protocol has triggered a main hard work to come across fewer harmful different refrigerants,” states Pallav Purohit, guide researcher on the task and senior exploration scholar in the Air pollution Management Exploration Group of the IIASA Energy, Climate, and Ecosystem Software.

“R32 is at this time the most widespread refrigerant to substitute R410A in break up ACs,” claims Purohit. “The GWP of R32 is about 1 3rd that of R410A, but however considerably increased than that of a rising number of non-fluorinated choices like propane with a GWP of <1, which have recently become commercially available for split ACs.

“While analysing the consistency of Kigali ambitions with the 1.5°C Paris Agreement goal, we have realised that propane-based residential air conditioners (ACs) are being manufactured in India and in China with cooling capacities up to 7kW. In 2020, the actual globally installed base was over one million units, mainly in India and China.

“Therefore, in this study, we show that a switch to propane as an energy-efficient and commercially available low-GWP alternative in split ACs, could avoid 0.09°C (0.06–0.12°C) increase in global temperature by the end of the century. This is significantly more than the 0.03°C (0.02–0.05°C) avoided warming from a complete switch to R32 in split ACs.”

Focus on direct emissions

The study focussed on the environmental impact of direct emissions (refrigerant leakage).

But Purohit says that in terms of indirect emissions (energy use), split ACs using propane perform similarly to those using R32, and are more efficient than currently widespread appliances using R410A and R22.

He points to another study by an International Energy Agency (IEA)-sponsored program that found domestic unitary air conditioners using propane refrigerant have a lower life-cycle climate performance (LCCP) than comparable units running with R410A, R32, and other alternatives in 11 cities around the world.

The research team has previously published a study that takes into account both direct and indirect emissions. This indicated that if technical energy efficiency improvements are fully implemented, the resulting electricity savings could exceed 20 per cent of future global electricity consumption.

“The combined effect of HFC phase-down, energy efficiency improvement of the stationary cooling technologies, and future changes in the electricity generation fuel mix would prevent 411–631Gt CO₂ of GHG emissions between 2018 and 2100, thereby making a significant contribution towards keeping the global temperature rise below 2°C,” says Purohit.

Barriers to uptake

Although there have now been many calls for greater uptake of hydrocarbons in split systems, the major manufacturers are yet to show signs of moving. Purohit believes this is largely due to safety standards regarding the use of flammable refrigerants.

“Therefore, countries are encouraged to support the adaptation according to technological improvements of these safety standards to allow larger charge sizes while including guidance on safe application,” he says.

He highlights the recent decision by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) to approve an international standard on safety requirements for electric heat pumps, air conditioners and dehumidifiers for domestic use.

“This new standard allows for higher charge limits for hydrocarbons such as propane (R290) and other flammable refrigerants in domestic technology,” says Purohit, “which in turn means potentially massive reductions in the emission of climate-damaging refrigerant gases.”

The study considers the capacity of split ACs (<7kW) that will require less than the higher load of flammable refrigerants allowed by the IEC.

To read the report, click here.

Source link

By nigemord@gmail.com / August 25, 2022

Dr Fatih Birol energy efficiency global energy intensity International Energy Agency News Slider

Australia joins global pact for energy efficiency

Amid the mounting ability crises locally and globally, Australia has issued a joint assertion with 25 other countries stressing the significance of energy effectiveness for addressing strength offer difficulties, climbing inflation, and greenhouse gas emissions.

The statement was just one of the significant results of the World Conference on Energy Performance organised by the International Vitality Agency (IEA) in Sønderborg, Denmark very last 7 days. The conference was explained by IEA Government Director Dr Fatih Birol as a prospective “inflection point” for electrical power effectiveness.

“Energy performance and desire-aspect motion have a notably significant part to participate in now as world-wide energy costs are significant and volatile, hurting households, industries and whole economies,” reads the statement, which was also signed by governments from France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Senegal and the United States.

The governments said they would seek out chances for exchange and collaboration, welcoming an motion program that sets out important principles and very best-follow insurance policies for more powerful electricity-efficiency steps. They asked the IEA “to carry on to facilitate and assistance these actions” and known as on “all governments, marketplace, enterprises and stakeholders to fortify their motion on energy efficiency”.

The occasion also noticed the launch of a new IEA report, The price of urgent motion on energy performance, which notes that “the current problems with regards to power security, electrical power selling prices and the expense of residing have intersected with the local climate crisis to remind us that electricity effectiveness is much more indispensable than ever”.

The report versions a Internet Zero Emissions by 2050 Circumstance in which the typical once-a-year amount of global power intensity doubles from around 2 for every cent reached among 2010-2020 to just in excess of 4 for every cent from 2020–2030. This would make the global economic system all around a person 3rd far more power-economical by 2030 compared to 2020. It has the possible to steer clear of 95 exajoules a calendar year of closing strength usage by the close of this decade as opposed with a pathway primarily based on today’s policy settings – equal to the present annual vitality use of China.

Structures in normal, and HVAC&R especially are anticipated to perform a leading position.

One particular 3rd of the avoided electricity desire in the Web Zero Emissions by 2050 State of affairs will come from the deployment of more technically successful gear, which includes air conditioners and electric powered motor vehicles.

Electrification gives all-around 20 per cent, by measures such as changing fossil gas boilers with warmth pumps, and switching to electrical energy for low-temperature warmth in business, as nicely as more rapidly adoption of electrical motor vehicles.

Conduct modify offers a further more 18 for every cent by way of measures these kinds of as turning down thermostats and altered travel patterns.

The remaining 3rd is presented by measures this kind of as digitalisation and materials effectiveness. This features clever controls, as nicely as product performance through amplified recycling of plastics and scrap steel.

To browse the report, click in this article.

Resource link

By nigemord@gmail.com / June 16, 2022

Annex 80 Energy in Buildings and Communities Programme Featured International Energy Agency Public Comment resilience resilient cooling

IEA seeks case studies in resilient cooling

The Worldwide Strength Agency (IEA) is collating situation research as section of its Strength in Properties and Communities (EBC) software. The unique challenge, Annex 80, focuses on the resilient cooling of properties.

“The globe is struggling with a immediate raise of air conditioning of buildings,” says the IEA “This is pushed by many things, this sort of as urbanisation and densification, climate change and elevated comfort and ease expectations, together with financial growth in incredibly hot and densely populated local climate regions of the earth.

“The trend towards cooling appears inexorable. For that reason it is obligatory to manual this improvement toward sustainable answers.”

From this backdrop, Annex 80 seeks to create, assess and communicate options for resilient cooling and overheating protection. It appears at minimal-electricity and low-carbon cooling methods that fortify the capacity of people and our local community as a whole to stand up to, and also prevent, thermal and other impacts of variations in world wide and nearby climates. It encompasses the evaluation and R&D of energetic and passive cooling technologies in

Reducing externally induced heat gains to indoor environments
Boosting own convenience devoid of cooling entire areas
Taking away sensible warmth from indoor environments
Managing latent warmth (humidity) of indoor environments.

“Annex 80’s most important aim is to help a quick changeover to an environment exactly where resilient low-electrical power and very low-carbon cooling systems are the mainstream and favored methods for cooling and overheating issues in properties,” says the IEA.

The Annex 80 group is especially fascinated in scenario studies of structures with:

Split and multi-break up AC devices
VRF methods
Absorption chillers.

Structures showcasing other cooling technologies are also welcome. There are currently no Australian circumstance scientific studies proposed.

Structures have to have 12 months of functionality facts out there.

To obtain out a lot more about Annex 80 and put ahead a case review, click right here.

Supply url

By nigemord@gmail.com / December 2, 2021

Events and conferences Featured IEA SHC Task 63 International Energy Agency solar heating and cooling solar neighbourhoods

Planning solar neighbourhoods – HVAC&R News

On November 25, the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC) Programme is presenting a totally free webinar on organizing photo voltaic neighbourhoods.

Associates of IEA SHC Undertaking 63 on Photo voltaic Neighbourhood Preparing will go over solar arranging methods for energy creation, daylighting, and thermal consolation. The webinar will spotlight the function of resources as a assist for the arranging and design of neighbourhoods, and offer you insights into the ongoing exploration projects of IEA SHC Activity 63.

In accordance to the activity team, solar neighbourhoods are ever more important in acquiring net zero electricity districts and very low-carbon cities. The arranging of neighbourhoods that address the technology of renewable energy onsite permits solar thermal technologies and photovoltaics to be carried out or well prepared for, as nicely as creating daylight and daylight obtain to accomplish much healthier city environments. Photo voltaic neighbourhoods also build environments that are electrical power self-adequate and resilient to strength price tag fluctuations, with much less reliance on energy imports. This can help long run-proof towns and towns.

A “neighbourhood” is outlined as a team of buildings or a district/precinct. It is a precise geographic location, generally which includes distinctive sorts of properties and capabilities, open area and infrastructure. It can be element of a much larger metropolis or a lesser village. It can also be section of an city spot, a rural enhancement, or characterize an isolated local community. Even more, it can be linked to a district heating/cooling network or outdoors one particular, providing pretty various boundary ailment troubles.

The webinar is offered as a result of the SHC Photo voltaic Academy – an exertion by the IEA SHC Programme to share its do the job and assist R&D and implementation of solar heating and cooling assignments worldwide. It will be an prospect for planners in Australia to understand worldwide most effective observe about planning and enabling photo voltaic neighbourhoods.

The webinar will be held at 5pm AEDT on Thursday, November 25. For more facts and to register, simply click listed here.

Resource hyperlink

By nigemord@gmail.com / November 23, 2021

1.5 deg C 2035 UK renewables target electrification heat pumps heat strategy International Energy Agency News World Energy Outlook report

Global energy report demands widescale heat and power electrification

New Globe Electricity Outlook report argues that steps to ramp up electrical power performance and electric powered heating units will be vital to trying to limit world warming to 1.5 deg C

The Intercontinental Vitality Agency is calling for a generate to electrify heat and transportation to be a important precedence for worldwide decarbonisation. These commitments must also backed by a massive push to develop clean electrical power generation.

The group’s Entire world Electrical power Outlook has identified 4 priorities for guaranteeing that international targets to limit average worldwide temperature rises to 1.5 deg C of pre-industrial ranges are satisfied. These are also predicted to match different national commitments to decarbonise their economies inside of the next 30 many years.

These priorities involve amplified heat electrification, together with materials improvements in the power performance of techniques and structures, a travel to slash methane from fossil fuel output and enhanced innovation to build marketplace ready cleanse electrical power techniques these as carbon capture methods.

The report termed for doubling of photo voltaic PV and wind power deployment as well as enlargement of other lower emissions electricity that could involve nuclear energy. It extra that these measures really should be backed by larger adaptability within power units and a quick phasing out of coal use along with an all round generate to electrify warmth.

Lawful targets released in the United kingdom to total decrease or offset the nation’s carbon emissions by 2050 are predicted to see a lowered reliance on oil and gasoline derived from fossil fuel. This is predicted to be a result of prepared effectiveness improvements in properties and an conclude to employing fossil gasoline-fired boilers, according to the IEA.

The outlook report reported, “Reaching this point will involve procedures that help households with the additional upfront prices of performance advancements and lower emissions machines these as electrical automobiles and warmth pumps.”

The publication follows the announcement that the Uk govt will be committing to thoroughly decarbonise its electricity era requires by 2035 as a move in the direction of ramping up national commitments to cleaner electric power and warmth. This provides ahead the UK’s earlier renewable vitality ambition by 15 several years.

Source link

By nigemord@gmail.com / October 13, 2021